Lightweight Mutual Authentication Protocol for Low Cost RFID Tags

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology one of the most promising technologies in the field of ubiquitous computing. Indeed, RFID technology may well replace barcode technology. Although it offers many advantages over other identification systems, there are also associated security risks that are not easy to be addressed. When designing a real lightweight authentication protocol for low cost RFID tags, a number of challenges arise due to the extremely limited computational, storage and communication abilities of Low-cost RFID tags. This paper proposes a real mutual authentication protocol for low cost RFID tags. The proposed protocol prevents passive attacks as active attacks are discounted when designing a protocol to meet the requirements of low cost RFID tags. However the implementation of the protocol meets the limited abilities of low cost RFID tags.Comment: 11 Pages, IJNS

Spectroscopic Study of Ultracold Rubidium Atoms in an Optical Dipole Force Trap

The interaction of light with atoms and molecules is of fundamental interest in many branches of science. In atomic physics, this interaction can be used to cool and spatially confine (trap) atoms. These traps can be used as the starting point for other experiments, but the dynamics of the cooling and trapping processes is itself of interest. In order to better understand the physics of trapping atoms in an optical dipole force trap, we have conducted a series of spectroscopic measurements of ultracold rubidium atoms in such a trap. The trap was created at the focus of a Nd:YAG laser beam with wavelength 1064nm and nearly Gaussian spatial mode. For rubidium, the trap light is red-detuned and the atoms are confined to the highest intensity in the beam. In order to probe the atoms confined in the trap, we have performed spectroscopy on the 5S1/2 → 5P3/2 transition. Because the polarizability of the ground and excited states is not the same at the trap wavelength, the spectra exhibit both a shift and inhomogeneous broadening. We have investigated the spectra for both linear and circular polarized traps. We also studied the application of a second laser to couple the excited state (5P3/2) to another higher excited state (5D5/2) to reduce the inhomogeneous broadening of the 5S1/2 → 5P 3/2 transition. Finally, two-photon spectroscopy was performed on atoms in the dipole force trap and compared to spectra taken in a magneto optical trap (MOT). Autler-Townes splitting was clearly observed in the MOT and appears to have been observed in the dipole force trap also

The contribution of the Coptic and Islamic arts in preserving the Egyptian national character: ((14-15 AH/20-21 AD Analytical vision of some plastic paintings during the centuries)

The civilization of Egypt since the dawn of history on a religious and ideological basis, leaving a record of events and artistic values ​​based on the principle of preserving the special character. During these successive periods of time, historical events contributed to the formation of the Egyptian artistic personality. The cultural, religious and heritage arts merged into the society's conscience and influenced its thought and culture. This was reflected in the treatment of the subjects of some formative artists during the centuries (14-15 AH/20-21AD) which gave it originality and became a historical reference to the memory of the nation.. The problem of research is to study the impact of Coptic and Islamic technicians on the preservation of the national character and as a source of inspiration in the work of some contemporary Egyptian artists, and to demonstrate the experience of some artists in rediscovering the cultural elements inherited in their paintings, which combined the tools of European art thought and the spirit of Coptic and Islamic arts mixed with textiles Egyptian Environment, The study aims to monitor the early leakage of European taste of the arts of Islamic civilization during the Ottoman period. And prove that the pluralism and different visual visions of the artists in dealing with the subjects of their community on Maralasour is a historical notation to preserve the national identity, so the study follows the analytical approach to some of the works of art that appeared to be influenced by the arts of Coptic and Islamic Keywords: Contemporary Fine Art in Egypt, Coptic Arts, Islamic Arts, Popular Heritage, Arabic Manuscript School

The Effects of Corruption on Government Expenditures: Arab Countries Experience

Corruption is popularly defined as the abuse of public power for private gains. Corruption as a phenomenon , is a global problem and exist in varying degrees in different countries. Corruption poses a serious development challenge, it has a number of adverse consequences on domestic investment, on foreign direct investment, on economic growth, on the size and composition of government expenditure. The purpose of this paper is to briefly review the literature in order to discuss what the latter suggests about the relationship between corruption and the composition of government expenditure (education and health government expenditures) and to investigate empirically( using simple regression model) this relation for the case of Arab countries. We found that corruption reduces education and health spending as part of total public spending. Keywords: corruption, Government expenditures, Arab countrie

Effect of Small Interfering RNAs on in Vitro Replication and Gene Expression of Feline Coronavirus

Feline corononavirus (FCoV) infection is ubiquitous in domestic cat populations worldwide and is usually associated with subclinical or mild enteritis. However, in some cats infection may result in the development of a fatal progressive disease called feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). FIP is considered to be the major cause of infectious-related death in pet cats. Currently, there is no protective vaccine or curative treatment to this highly fatal disease. In this study, we evaluated the ability of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to inhibit the in vitro viral replication and gene expression of FCoV as a potential treatment for FIP. Five synthetic siRNAs were designed to target different regions of the FCoV genome. The siRNAs were tested individually and in various combinations in vitro for their antiviral effects against 2 strains of FCoV (feline infectious peritonitis virus WSU 79-1146 and feline enteric coronavirus WSU 79-1683). Tested combinations targeted the FCoV leader and 3′ untranslated region; FCoV leader region and nucleocapsid gene; and FCoV leader, 3′ untranslated region, and nucleocapsid gene. For each test condition, assessments included relative quantification of the inhibition of intracellular viral genomic RNA synthesis by means of real-time, reverse-transcription Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis; flow cytometric evaluation of the reduction of viral protein expression in infected cells; and assessment of virus replication inhibition via titration of extracellular virus with a 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID50) assay. The 5 siRNAs had variable inhibitory effects on FCoV when used singly. Combinations of siRNAs that targeted different regions of the viral genome resulted in more effective viral inhibition than did individual siRNAs that targeted a single gene. The tested siRNA combinations resulted in approximately 95% reduction in viral replication (based on virus titration results), compared with findings in negative control non-targeting siRNA-treated FCoV-infected cells. This study shows that FCoV replication can be specifically inhibited by siRNAs that target coding and noncoding regions of the viral genome, suggesting a potential therapeutic application of RNA interference in treatment of feline infectious peritonitis

Measuring the service quality factors of perspective international students to improve their satisfaction and loyalty towards University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM)

Student satisfaction and quality of education are of compelling interest to students, academic staff, policymakers and higher education researchers internationally. Students’ expectations can influence levels of student satisfaction before their study and their pre-conceived beliefs regarding the value of their education. It concerns that with less emphasis on the quality of services that provided by the Higher Education Institution (HEI) to the students may pose a threat regarding the satisfaction, retention and recruitment of the students which reduces the competitiveness of the institution. This study seeks to measure the service quality success factors through the perspective of international students to improve their satisfaction and loyalty towards University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia. A questionnaire survey was carried out among international students in UTHM. A total of 246 questionnaires were collected and found valid. Analysis of Moment Structures Equation Modelling (AMOS-SEM) model was developed and found that seven groups of factors for service quality influences the satisfaction and loyalty towards UTHM, these factors are namely teaching, course content and supervision; administrative services; academic facilities; campus infrastructure; support services; student’s satisfaction and student’s loyalty. The findings from the critical factors of service quality through path analysis using structural model indicated that administrative services; academic facilities and support services have a significant effect on student's satisfaction, and student's satisfaction has a significant impact on student's loyalty while teaching, course content and supervision; and campus infrastructure groups were not supported. The implication of this research could enhance and further strengthen UTHM structures and creating new output as an adaptable strategy and education management tool

Interpreter Education And Training In Yemen: A Case Study

Pendidikan dan latihan merupakan dua cabang pembelajaran; pendidikan berkait rapat dengan pemerolehan ilmu pengetahuan, dan pembangunan intelek, manakala latihan pula bertujuan memperoleh kemahiran khusus bagi melaksanakan tugasan yang diberikan dengan sebaik mungkin. Sebagaimana bidang-bidang lain, pendidikan dan latihan diperlukan dalam pengikhtisasan penterjemah dan jurubahasa. Program pendidikan dan latihan jurubahasa bermatlamat mengembangkan kemahiran dan pengetahuan yang diperlukan untuk menginterpretasi, dan untuk menyemai kesedaran terhadap tatalaku jurubahasa yang baik dan memantapkan keahlian sebagai pengamal dalam profesion ini. Di Yaman, pendidikan dan latihan jurubahasa ditawarkan menerusi satu atau dua kursus dalam program terjemahan. Tiada program yang direka khusus untuk melatih bakal jurubahasa. Education and training are two facets of learning; education is about gaining knowledge and developing intellect, whereas training is undertaken for the purpose of acquiring a specific skill to perform adequately a given task. Education and training are necessary for the professionalisation of translators and interpreters, as it is the case with other disciplines. The aims of interpreter education and training programmes are to develop the skills and knowledge required to interpret, and to develop an awareness of suitable conduct and membership as practitioners of a profession. In Yemen, interpreter education and training is offered as part of translation programmes in the form of two or three courses. There are no programmes designed specifically to train interpreters want-to-be. The aim of this study is to draw a complete picture of interpreter education and training in the Yemeni context which covers major educational issues including curriculum components, teaching and learning practices, and assessment procedures. This broad aim is achieved by conducting a case study of interpreter education and training offered at the University of Science and Technology which is the first university in Yemen to offer interpreter education and training at a bachelor’s degree level. To answer research questions, a mixed-method approach is adopted for the purpose of collecting data from different sources, and converging these data via triangulation

Bioactive content, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of whole plant extract of Micromeria fruticosa (L) Druce ssp Serpyllifolia F Lamiaceae against Carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice

Purpose: To investigate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of Micromeria fruticosa Druce (L.) Druce ssp Serpyllifolia F. Lamiaceae (MF) extract and to correlate its phenolic composition of the biological activities.Methods: Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was employed for the identification and quantification of phenolics. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging potential of the four extracts, namely, ethanol, methanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate, were assessed. The hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities were evaluated against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)- induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Antioxidant status in the liver was assessed by determining the activities of some antioxidative enzymes, namely, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the levels of thiobarbutaric acid reactive substances (TBARS).Results: RP-HPLC analysis revealed high contents of quercitrin, rosmarinic and ferulic acid. The four extracts were potent DPPH free radical scavengers. Administration of the ethanol extract to the animals twice daily for 14 days did not show any evidence of hepatotoxicity. CCl4 caused a marked increase in TBARS and significant decrease in CAT, GSH-Px and SOD levels, but this was reversed by the ethanol extract.Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Micromeria fruticosa (L) may have a palliative effect in liver injuries and this is probably due to the antioxidant properties of the plant’s polyphenolic content.Keywords: Micromeria fruticose, Phenolics, Hepatotoxic, Hepatoprotective, Antioxidant, Quercitrin, Ferulic acid, Rosmarinic aci